{"id":18933,"date":"2014-05-15T13:01:01","date_gmt":"2014-05-15T11:01:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/revistacultura.ro\/nou\/?p=18933"},"modified":"2014-05-19T08:42:49","modified_gmt":"2014-05-19T06:42:49","slug":"un-liberal-conservator-cei-rai-sunt-cei-care-trag-in-tine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistacultura.ro\/nou\/un-liberal-conservator-cei-rai-sunt-cei-care-trag-in-tine\/","title":{"rendered":"Un liberal\u2026 conservator. Cei r\u0103i sunt cei care trag \u00een tine"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cel mai recent stop-cadru se referea la disputa din Statele Unite pe marginea superproduc\u0163iei C\u0103pitanul America: R\u0103zboinicul iernii, despre care nu se poate \u015fti \u00eenc\u0103 dac\u0103 ilustreaz\u0103 cu prec\u0103dere valori conservatoare ori liberale. Am mai amintit despre inten\u0163ia produc\u0103torilor de a face un film \u201epe gustul tuturor\u201c, ca \u015fi despre declara\u0163iile regizorilor care \u015fi-au dorit o parabol\u0103 contemporan\u0103 despre politica dronelor \u015fi Agen\u0163ia Na\u0163ional\u0103 de Securitate NSA.
\nEste deci filmul conservator sau liberal? Sau produc\u0103torii au reu\u015fit s\u0103-\u015fi ating\u0103 ambi\u0163iosul scop?
\nLa mijlocul anilor \u201990, unul dintre reprezentan\u0163ii cunoscu\u0163i ai celui de \u201eal treilea val\u201c al teoriei critice a societ\u0103\u0163ii \u00een tradi\u0163ia \u015ecolii de la Frankfurt, Douglas Kellner, avansa instrumente \u015fi interpret\u0103ri punctuale ale culturii media a anilor \u201980, rod al experien\u0163ei \u00eendelungate de colaborare cu cunoscutul Grup de la Birmingham \u00een studiile culturale. Corect\u00e2nd o idee a teoriei critice clasice, Kellner arat\u0103 c\u0103 filmele, de exemplu, nu mai ilustreaz\u0103 unitar ideologia dominant\u0103, ci aglutineaz\u0103 elemente diverse, \u00een conglomerate oscil\u00e2nd \u00eentre tendin\u0163e adesea opuse. Un Rambo dezl\u0103n\u0163uit, simbol indubitabil al reaganismului, \u00eemprumut\u0103 de la hippio\u0163i pletele \u015fi emblematica benti\u0163\u0103 pe frunte (acelea\u015fi elemente care cu un deceniu mai \u00eenainte erau semnalmentele sigure ale infractorilor executa\u0163i de inflexibilul pistolar Clint Eastwood, \u00een seria cu Dirty Harry) \u015fi le expropriaz\u0103 pentru cauza luptei \u00eempotriva R\u0103ului \u2013 e adev\u0103rat, aparent \u00eempotriva sistemului. \u00centrebarea este \u00eentotdeauna dac\u0103 aceste elemente sunt preluate numai pentru credibilizarea filmului, \u00een beneficiul unui personaj care trebuie s\u0103 treac\u0103 drept rebel, ori semnalizeaz\u0103 chiar o r\u0103sp\u00e2ntie ideologic\u0103. Probabil c\u0103 mai degrab\u0103 \u015fi mai adesea primul r\u0103spuns este cel corect, a\u015fa cum arat\u0103 \u00eendeob\u015fte \u015fi analizele.
\nF\u0103r\u0103 a merge la detalii, mi se pare c\u0103 e \u015fi cazul C\u0103pitanului America. Drept e c\u0103 \u201eImperiul R\u0103ului\u201c nu mai e clar delimitat, ba chiar grani\u0163ele morale sunt mai labile ca niciodat\u0103. C\u0103 desfiin\u0163area serviciului na\u0163ional de securitate SHIELD e condi\u0163ia esen\u0163ial\u0103 a deznod\u0103m\u00e2ntului; c\u0103 fosta kaghebist\u0103 este acum personajul bun, iar fostul prieten cel mai bun al supereroului este mai nou cel r\u0103u; c\u0103 \u00eensu\u015fi Robert Redford \u00eel \u00eentruchipeaz\u0103 pe maleficul conduc\u0103tor al SHIELD (oare \u00een primul s\u0103u rol negativ, dup\u0103 o list\u0103 lung\u0103 de roluri de\u2026 liberal?). Etc. Cu toate acestea, pentru confruntarea final\u0103 supereroul \u00ee\u015fi \u00eembrac\u0103 uniforma care l-a consacrat, \u00een stars and stripes, iar ca r\u0103spuns la \u00eentrebarea \u201eCum \u00eei mai deosebim pe cei buni de cei r\u0103i?\u201c ofer\u0103 din alergare solu\u0163ia prefabricat\u0103: \u201eCei r\u0103i sunt cei care trag \u00een tine\u201c. Indicii sunt mai multe, iar deznod\u0103m\u00e2ntul este, la urma urmelor, \u00een cheie conservatoare. C\u0103pitanul America face o seam\u0103 de concesii importante \u015fi frapante taberei adverse, dar, \u00een opinia mea, acestea sunt doar cosmetice \u015fi pentru captarea bun\u0103voin\u0163ei\u2026 \u015fi a audien\u0163ei.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cel mai recent stop-cadru se referea la disputa din Statele Unite pe marginea superproduc\u0163iei C\u0103pitanul America: R\u0103zboinicul iernii, despre care nu se poate \u015fti \u00eenc\u0103 dac\u0103 ilustreaz\u0103 cu prec\u0103dere valori conservatoare ori liberale. Am mai amintit despre inten\u0163ia produc\u0103torilor de a face un film \u201epe gustul tuturor\u201c, ca \u015fi despre declara\u0163iile regizorilor care \u015fi-au dorit… Cite\u0219te mai mult »Un liberal\u2026 conservator. Cei r\u0103i sunt cei care trag \u00een tine<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[11178,11177,11180,83,11181,11179],"class_list":["post-18933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cultura-ideilor","tag-al-treilea-val","tag-capitanul-america-razboinicul-iernii","tag-cultura-media","tag-film","tag-morala-filmelor-americane","tag-teoria-critica-a-societatii"],"views":1910,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":28827,"url":"https:\/\/revistacultura.ro\/nou\/cultura-666\/","url_meta":{"origin":18933,"position":0},"title":"Cultura 666","author":"hrnicu","date":"septembrie 9, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"| Imagine copert\u0103: Proiectul LOCURI DE POVESTE - foto: Carmen Corbu | SOCIETATE Ierarhia inversat\u0103 Autor: VALI ALBINE\u021a A\u0219a c\u0103 \u00eentrebarea nu e de ce sunt oamenii pro\u0219ti. 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